{"id":3848,"date":"2025-11-28T06:03:32","date_gmt":"2025-11-28T14:03:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aamnation.com\/?p=3848"},"modified":"2025-11-28T06:03:32","modified_gmt":"2025-11-28T14:03:32","slug":"joby-aviation-vs-archer-aviation-sengketa-rahasia-dagang-dalam-perlombaan-aam-evtol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aamnation.com\/id\/2025\/11\/28\/joby-aviation-vs-archer-aviation-a-trade-secrets-dispute-in-the-aam-evtol-race\/","title":{"rendered":"Joby Aviation vs Archer Aviation: Sengketa Rahasia Dagang Dalam Perlombaan AAM eVTOL"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Tuduhan Spionase Perusahaan dalam Industri Berisiko Tinggi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Joby Aviation (NYSE: JOBY) telah mengajukan gugatan terhadap pesaingnya, Archer Aviation (NYSE: ACHR), di Pengadilan Tinggi California, County of Santa Cruz, pada tanggal 18 November 2025. Gugatan tersebut menuduh Archer menyalahgunakan rahasia dagang rahasia Joby melalui mantan karyawannya, George Kivork, yang diduga menyusupkan data sensitif sesaat sebelum bergabung dengan Archer pada Juli 2025. Kasus ini berpusat pada klaim pencurian data yang disengaja untuk menyabotase kemitraan utama. Kasus ini menyoroti persaingan yang ketat karena kedua perusahaan bersaing untuk mendapatkan sertifikasi FAA, aliansi strategis, dan dominasi pasar dalam mobilitas udara perkotaan. Sidang pendahuluan dijadwalkan pada 20 Maret 2026, dengan Joby mencari ganti rugi yang tidak ditentukan dan perintah untuk mencegah penyalahgunaan lebih lanjut atas informasi miliknya.<\/p>\n<p>Perselisihan ini terjadi di tengah minat investor yang signifikan, dengan saham Joby melonjak lebih dari 100% year-to-date dan Archer naik 68%, didorong oleh pencapaian penting seperti demonstrasi Joby di Dubai Airshow dan kemitraan Archer dengan United Airlines. Namun, pertarungan hukum ini menimbulkan ketidakpastian yang dapat mengalihkan perhatian kedua perusahaan dari tujuan komersialisasi yang diproyeksikan untuk tahun 2026.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Klaim Joby: Pencurian Aset Strategis untuk Merusak Kemitraan<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Joby menuduh bahwa Kivork, mantan pimpinan kebijakan negara bagian dan lokal AS, menjalankan skema \u201cspionase perusahaan\u201d yang telah direncanakan sebelumnya. Dua hari sebelum mengumumkan pengunduran dirinya pada 20 Juli 2025, Kivork mengunduh lusinan file rahasia dan mengirimkannya melalui email ke akun pribadinya. Dia juga mengubah izin keamanan pada ratusan dokumen untuk mempertahankan akses setelah keluar, menurut investigasi forensik Joby.<\/p>\n<p>Bahan-bahan yang dicuri dilaporkan termasuk:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Strategi bisnis dan peraturan<\/strong>: Rencana terperinci untuk menavigasi persetujuan FAA dan kebijakan tingkat negara bagian.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ketentuan kemitraan<\/strong>: Perjanjian rahasia, khususnya kesepakatan eksklusif dengan pengembang real estat besar untuk infrastruktur vertiport dan lokasi pendaratan di perkotaan.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rincian infrastruktur dan operasional<\/strong>: Desain vertiport, protokol akses bandara, dan spesifikasi teknis untuk pesawat eVTOL Joby.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Data terkait pesawat terbang<\/strong>: Wawasan eksklusif ke dalam proses manufaktur dan metrik kinerja.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Joby mengklaim bahwa Archer menggunakan kecerdasan ini untuk mengganggu negosiasi pengembang, mendekati mereka dengan penawaran balasan yang disesuaikan yang menunjukkan pengetahuan terperinci tentang persyaratan Joby, termasuk harga, klausul eksklusivitas, dan jadwal ekspansi. Pengembang kemudian memutuskan perjanjian dengan Joby, dengan alasan pelanggaran kerahasiaan, yang menurut Joby disebabkan oleh tindakan Archer. Joby berpendapat bahwa kerugian ini mengikis keunggulan kompetitifnya dan membahayakan pengembangan ekosistem yang lebih luas, termasuk integrasi dengan mitra seperti Toyota, Uber, Delta Air Lines, dan pemain internasional di Dubai dan Arab Saudi.<\/p>\n<p>Dalam pengajuan pengadilan, Joby menggambarkan tindakan tersebut sebagai \u201cterencana dan terencana,\u201d dengan menekankan pada margin pasar eVTOL AAM yang sempit, di mana rahasia tersebut dapat mempercepat jalur peluncuran produk saingan sekaligus menggagalkan produk pesaing. Gugatan tersebut menggunakan Undang-Undang Rahasia Dagang Seragam California, yang meminta ganti rugi atas pelanggaran kontrak, campur tangan yang disengaja dalam hubungan kontrak, dan persaingan tidak sehat.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pembelaan Archer: Litigasi Tak Berdasar sebagai Taktik Kompetitif<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Archer dengan tegas menolak tuduhan tersebut, menggambarkannya sebagai \u201ctidak berdasar\u201d dan upaya \u201citikad buruk\u201d dari Joby untuk menghambat persaingan melalui litigasi dan bukannya inovasi. Dalam sebuah pernyataan kepada Seeking Alpha, Chief Legal and Strategy Officer Archer, Eric Lentell, menyatakan: \u201cJoby menuduh kami menggunakan rahasia dagang mereka untuk memenangkan \u2018kesepakatan\u2019 dengan seorang pengembang, tetapi kenyataannya Archer tidak memiliki kesepakatan dengan pengembang ini dan Tuan Kivork tidak membawa informasi rahasia Joby ke Archer. Joby mengetahui fakta-fakta ini dan sekarang secara tidak patut berusaha mencapai melalui litigasi dengan itikad buruk apa yang tidak dapat dicapainya melalui persaingan yang sehat. Archer tetap fokus untuk membangun masa depan penerbangan canggih di Amerika.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Poin-poin utama pertahanan Archer meliputi:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Tidak ada penyalahgunaan yang nyata<\/strong>: Archer melakukan tinjauan forensik selama proses orientasi Kivork dan tidak menemukan bukti bahwa data Joby yang ditransfer memengaruhi keputusan, pengembangan produk, atau jangkauan ke pengembang.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Batasan peran Kivork<\/strong>: Sebagai seorang spesialis kebijakan dan bukan seorang insinyur, Kivork tidak memiliki akses ke rahasia teknis inti seperti desain pesawat terbang, yang melemahkan klaim kerugian material.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tidak adanya kesepakatan<\/strong>: Archer menyangkal telah mendapatkan kesepakatan apa pun dengan pengembang, dan menggambarkan narasi Joby sebagai spekulatif dan dilebih-lebihkan.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Preseden ketahanan<\/strong>: Archer sebelumnya menyelesaikan gugatan rahasia dagang serupa pada tahun 2021 dari Wisk Aero Boeing (sekarang menjadi anak perusahaan) setelah dua tahun, setuju untuk berkolaborasi daripada menghadapi proses pengadilan yang berkepanjangan, yang menunjukkan pola penyelesaian perselisihan tanpa mengakui kesalahan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Archer membingkai gugatan tersebut sebagai taktik pengalihan perhatian di tengah kemajuannya sendiri, termasuk kontrak Departemen Pertahanan untuk VTOL hibrida AAM dengan Anduril dan rencana taksi udara New York City dengan United Airlines.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Konteks Industri yang Lebih Luas: Inovasi vs. Peperangan Kekayaan Intelektual<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Perselisihan ini muncul pada saat yang kritis bagi industri eVTOL AAM, di mana rintangan peraturan (misalnya, sertifikasi FAA Bagian 135) dan kebutuhan infrastruktur memperkuat nilai aset non-teknis seperti keahlian kebijakan dan kemitraan. Kedua perusahaan membuat langkah yang signifikan: Joby menargetkan peluncuran pada tahun 2026 di Dubai dan Arab Saudi melalui kesepakatan senilai hingga $250 juta dengan entitas seperti Alatau Advance Air Group, sementara Archer memajukan kolaborasi pertahanan dan rute perkotaan. Namun, gugatan tersebut berisiko merusak reputasi dan pengalihan sumber daya bagi kedua belah pihak, mengingatkan pada pertempuran sektor teknologi terkenal seperti Uber-Waymo.<\/p>\n<p>Diskusi tentang X (sebelumnya Twitter) mencerminkan kekhawatiran investor, dengan komentar yang mempertanyakan manfaat gugatan - seperti ketergantungan Joby pada frasa \u201cinformasi dan keyakinan\u201d - dan menarik kesamaan dengan litigasi Joby lainnya, termasuk perselisihan baru-baru ini dengan Aerosonic mengenai desain internal. Para analis mencatat potensi volatilitas saham jangka pendek, tetapi berpendapat bahwa potensi jangka panjang tetap utuh jika kasus ini diselesaikan dengan cepat.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Aspek<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Posisi Joby<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Posisi Pemanah<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Tuduhan Inti<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Pencurian rahasia dagang yang direncanakan oleh Kivork, yang digunakan untuk membajak kesepakatan pengembang<\/td>\n<td>Tidak ada rahasia yang ditransfer; tidak ada kesepakatan yang dijamin; gugatan adalah pelecehan anti-persaingan usaha<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Bukti yang dikutip<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Log forensik unduhan\/email; pemberitahuan penghentian dari pengembang<\/td>\n<td>Forensik orientasi; Peran non-teknis Kivork<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Dampak Potensial<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Hilangnya kemitraan, infrastruktur yang tertunda<\/td>\n<td>Biaya hukum, gangguan dari tujuan FAA\/DoD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Bantuan yang Diminta<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Kerusakan, perintah terhadap penyalahgunaan<\/td>\n<td>Pemecatan; fokus pada \u201cpersaingan yang sehat\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Kesimpulan: Preseden untuk Etika dalam Teknologi yang Sedang Berkembang<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Terlepas dari apakah klaim Joby divalidasi di pengadilan atau dianggap sebagai sikap kompetitif, gugatan ini menggarisbawahi realitas ganda industri eVTOL: potensi transformatif untuk transportasi perkotaan yang berkelanjutan dan risiko persaingan yang agresif. Kemenangan untuk Joby dapat memperkuat perlindungan kekayaan intelektual dan mencegah perburuan bakat, sementara kemenangan untuk Archer dapat mendorong praktik perekrutan yang berani. Seiring dengan hasil penemuan - yang berpotensi mengungkap email, log, dan kesaksian - resolusi pada pertengahan tahun 2026 dapat menetapkan tolok ukur penting untuk perilaku perusahaan. Kedua perusahaan terus menegaskan komitmen mereka terhadap tonggak-tonggak penting, memberikan sinyal kepada para pemangku kepentingan bahwa dalam perlombaan untuk dominasi mobilitas udara, kepercayaan tetap sama pentingnya dengan inovasi teknologi.<\/p>\n<p>... catatan dari SP<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"2455\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/aamnation.com\/id\/2025\/05\/14\/jetson-and-eurosets-revolutionizing-uam-emergency-response-with-evtol-technology-and-advanced-medical-solutions-can-save-lives\/aam-logo-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/aamnation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/AAM-Logo-2.webp?fit=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"150,150\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-title=\"Advanced Air Mobility Nation AAM Nation Logo\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/aamnation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/AAM-Logo-2.webp?fit=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2455 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/aamnation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/AAM-Logo-2.png?resize=150%2C150&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Allegations of Corporate Espionage in a High-Stakes Industry Joby Aviation (NYSE: JOBY) has filed a&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":165558846,"featured_media":3850,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\n\n{excerpt}\n\n{url}","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":3941,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1363],"tags":[1505,1449,1501,1445,1395,1483,1486,1494,1392,1547,1447,1534,1398,1541,1543,1542,1531,1530,1535,1528,1507,1444,1438,1394,1514,1402,1506,1450,1502,1446,1396,1484,1487,1495,1548,1448,1478,1500,1503,1397,1401,1508,1533],"class_list":["post-3848","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-newsbeat","tag-aam","tag-aam-aerospace","tag-aam-air-taxi","tag-aam-aircraft","tag-aam-evtol","tag-aam-int-business","tag-aam-logistics","tag-aam-medical","tag-aam-nation","tag-aam-sky-taxi","tag-aam-tech-news","tag-aam-trader","tag-aam-uam-business","tag-aam-uam-career-employment-job-portal","tag-aam-uam-employment","tag-aam-uam-jobs","tag-aamamt","tag-aamelf","tag-aamuam-trader","tag-advanced-air-mobility-nation","tag-aviation","tag-battery","tag-etechnology","tag-evtol","tag-flying-car","tag-technology","tag-uam","tag-uam-aerospace","tag-uam-air-taxi","tag-uam-aircraft","tag-uam-evtol","tag-uam-int-business","tag-uam-logistics","tag-uam-medical","tag-uam-sky-taxi","tag-uam-tech-news","tag-uas","tag-uav","tag-uav-logistics","tag-usa-aam","tag-vertical-flight-society","tag-ww-air-taxi","tag-ww-air-taxi-app"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 5.0.5 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Allegations of Corporate Espionage in a High-Stakes Industry Joby Aviation (NYSE: JOBY) has filed a lawsuit against competitor Archer Aviation (NYSE: ACHR) in the Superior Court of California, County of Santa Cruz, on November 18, 2025. 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